Complete Guide: Name of 12 Jyotirlingas, Locations, and History

The 12 Jyotirlingas are revered as the most sacred abodes of Lord Shiva, spread across India. Each Jyotirlinga signifies a unique manifestation of Shiva’s infinite power and holds immense spiritual significance for devotees. In this guide, we will explore the Name of 12 Jyotirlinga, their locations, history, and their importance in Hindu mythology.

 

What Are Jyotirlingas?

 

Jyotirlingas are the radiant symbols of Lord Shiva, representing his eternal presence. The term “Jyotirlinga” translates to “pillar of light,” signifying Shiva’s divine form. According to Hindu scriptures, these 12 sacred shrines are where Lord Shiva appeared as a fiery column of light, blessing devotees with liberation (moksha).

 

The Name of 12 Jyotirlinga and Their Locations

Below is a detailed list of the 12 Jyotirlingas, their names, and locations:

 

1) Somnath Jyotirlinga (Gujarat)

• Location: Prabhas Patan, Gujarat.

 

• History: Known as the first Jyotirlinga, Somnath has been destroyed and rebuilt multiple times, showcasing its resilience and divine power. Its rich history dates back to ancient times, with references in the Rigveda and Puranas.

 

• Legend: This Jyotirlinga is associated with the Moon God, Chandra, who was cursed by King Daksha for neglecting his other wives. Chandra’s penance at this site pleased Lord Shiva, who freed him from the curse, making Somnath a symbol of rejuvenation and grace.

 

2) Mallikarjuna Jyotirlinga (Andhra Pradesh)

• Location: Srisailam, Andhra Pradesh.

 

• History: Nestled in the picturesque Nallamala Hills, the Mallikarjuna temple is also revered as one of the Shakti Peethas, making it significant for both Shaivites and Shaktas.

 

• Legend: Shiva and Parvati visited this place to console their son Kartikeya, who chose to reside in the hills of Srisailam. Their divine presence blessed the region, and devotees consider visiting this Jyotirlinga as equivalent to attaining moksha.

 

3) Mahakaleshwar Jyotirlinga (Madhya Pradesh)

• Location: Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh.

 

• History: Famous for its unique Bhasma Aarti, Mahakaleshwar is a temple where Shiva is worshipped as the Lord of Time (Mahakal). This ancient temple is mentioned in the Mahabharata and various Puranas.

 

• Legend: It is believed that Lord Shiva took the fierce form of Mahakal to protect his devotees from the demon Dushana, who was tormenting the residents of Ujjain.

 

4) Omkareshwar Jyotirlinga (Madhya Pradesh)

• Location: Mandhata Island on the Narmada River.

 

• History: The Omkareshwar temple is named after the sacred “Om” symbol, which the island’s shape resembles. This temple reflects the sound of the universe and the essence of creation.

 

• Legend: According to mythology, the Devas and Asuras prayed to Shiva during a cosmic war. Pleased with their devotion, Shiva manifested here as Omkareshwar.

 

5) Kedarnath Jyotirlinga (Uttarakhand)

• Location: Kedarnath, Uttarakhand.

 

• History: Located in the breathtaking Himalayas, Kedarnath is part of the Chota Char Dham and is one of the most revered pilgrimage destinations. It is accessible only during specific months due to harsh weather.

 

• Legend: This Jyotirlinga is linked to the Pandavas, who sought Shiva’s forgiveness for their sins after the Kurukshetra war. Shiva disguised himself as a bull to avoid them, but the Pandavas recognized him and built the Kedarnath temple.

 

6) Bhimashankar Jyotirlinga (Maharashtra)

• Location: Near Pune, Maharashtra.

 

• History: Surrounded by dense forests, Bhimashankar is considered an architectural marvel, blending nature and spirituality.

 

• Legend: The temple commemorates Shiva’s victory over the demon Tripurasura. Shiva’s immense energy from this battle is believed to have created the Bhima River.

 

7) Kashi Vishwanath Jyotirlinga (Uttar Pradesh)

• Location: Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh

 

• History: Situated in India’s spiritual capital, the Kashi Vishwanath temple is renowned for its ancient glory and is said to be the place where Shiva grants liberation (moksha).

 

• Legend: According to beliefs, Shiva whispers the Tarak Mantra into the ears of those who die in Kashi, ensuring their salvation.

 

8) Trimbakeshwar Jyotirlinga (Maharashtra)

• Location: Nashik, Maharashtra.

 

• History: This temple is unique for its linga, which has three faces representing the Trinity—Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva. It is also associated with the sacred Godavari River.

 

• Legend: It is believed that Sage Gautama’s penance and Lord Shiva’s blessings led to the origin of the Godavari River here.

 

9) Vaidyanath Jyotirlinga (Jharkhand)

• Location: Deoghar, Jharkhand.

 

• History: Also called Baidyanath, this Jyotirlinga is a major destination for pilgrims and is associated with Lord Shiva’s healing powers.

 

• Legend: Ravana’s intense devotion led him to offer his ten heads to Shiva at this site. Impressed by his penance, Shiva appeared as a healer (Vaidya) to reattach Ravana’s heads

 

10) Nageshwar Jyotirlinga (Gujarat)

• Location: Near Dwarka, Gujarat.

 

• History: The Nageshwar temple signifies protection from negativity and evil forces. It is a symbol of Shiva’s power to safeguard his devotees.

 

• Legend: Shiva emerged here to protect his devotee Supriya from the demon Daruka, proving his omnipresence and strength.

 

11) Ramanathaswamy Jyotirlinga (Tamil Nadu)

• Location: Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu.

 

• History: This temple is closely associated with Lord Rama’s devotion to Shiva after his victory over Ravana. The lingam is believed to have been installed by Lord Rama himself.

 

• Legend: The site marks the place where Lord Rama and Hanuman built a bridge (Ram Setu) to Lanka.

 

12) Grishneshwar Jyotirlinga (Maharashtra)

• Location: Near Ellora Caves, Maharashtra.

 

• History: The smallest of the Jyotirlingas, Grishneshwar holds immense significance for devotees and is located near the UNESCO World Heritage Ellora Caves.

 

• Legend: Shiva blessed his devotee Ghushma, a woman of unshakable faith, and her devotion sanctified the temple.

 

The History and Legends Behind the 12 Jyotirlingas

 

Each Jyotirlinga has a unique history and legend that adds to its significance. From Shiva’s compassion for devotees to his battles against evil forces, these stories inspire faith and devotion. For example, Kedarnath is tied to the Pandavas’ redemption, while Somnath reflects resilience through its reconstruction.

 

Pilgrimage Routes to Visit the 12 Jyotirlingas

 

• Single-State Routes: Maharashtra has four Jyotirlingas (Bhimashankar, Trimbakeshwar, Grishneshwar, Vaidyanath).
• All-India Routes: Combine southern temples (Rameswaram, Mallikarjuna) with northern ones (Kedarnath, Kashi Vishwanath).
• Suggested Itinerary options for completing the pilgrimage efficiently.

 

Festivals and Rituals at the Jyotirlingas

• Maha Shivaratri: Celebrated with grandeur at all Jyotirlingas.
• Special Aartis: Unique rituals like Bhasma Aarti at Mahakaleshwar.
• Devotional Offerings: Bilva leaves, milk, and water are common offerings.

 

Why Chanting the Name of 12 Jyotirlinga is Spiritually Powerful

• Chanting the names of the 12 Jyotirlingas is believed to bring peace, prosperity, and liberation.
• Example mantra: “Om Namah Shivaya Somnathaya, Mallikarjunaya, Mahakaleshwaraya…” (include all names).
• Spiritual benefits include cleansing of sins and strengthening devotion.

 

Travel Tips for Visiting the 12 Jyotirlingas

• Best Time to Visit: Avoid monsoon for hilly regions like Kedarnath.
• Accommodation: Pilgrim-friendly stays near each temple.
• Transportation: Connectivity by road, rail, and air to major Jyotirlingas.

 

Conclusion

Visiting the 12 Jyotirlingas is a journey of spiritual awakening and divine blessings. Each temple holds unique legends and immense power, making the pilgrimage a transformative experience. Chanting the Name of 12 Jyotirlinga and understanding their significance can lead to a deeper connection with Lord Shiva.

 

FAQs About the Name of 12 Jyotirlinga

Q. What is the meaning of Jyotirlinga?
Ans. A pillar of divine light representing Lord Shiva’s eternal presence.

Q. Can I visit all 12 Jyotirlingas in one trip?
Ans. Yes, with careful planning and sufficient time, it is possible.

Q. Why are the names of the 12 Jyotirlingas significant in Hinduism?
Ans. Each name signifies a unique manifestation of Shiva and holds spiritual power.